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St. Petersburg, a city of federal significance, was founded in 1703. In 1712-1918 - the capital of the Russian state.
St. Petersburg is located in the northwest of the Russian Federation, on the coast of the Gulf of Finland and at the mouth of the Neva River. The city is bordered on all sides by the Leningrad Region.
The area of the city is 1439 sq. km, population - 5.2 million people (2016).
The climate of St. Petersburg is temperate, transitional from temperate continental to temperate maritime. This type of climate is explained by the geographic location and atmospheric circulation characteristic of the Leningrad region. The influence of the cyclones of the Baltic Sea gives hot, humid and short summers and long, cold, damp winters. St. Petersburg has an average of 62 sunny days per year. Therefore, cloudy, cloudy days prevail for most of the year. The length of the day in St. Petersburg varies from 5 hours 51 minutes on December 22 to 18 hours 50 minutes on June 22. The so-called White Nights are observed in the city (it is generally believed that they occur on May 25-6 and end on July 16-17), when the sun sinks below the horizon. The average air temperature in St. Petersburg is + 5.8C.The coldest month in the city is February with an average temperature of -5.8C. The warmest month is July, with an average daily temperature of + 18.8C.
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St. Petersburg, which is called the Northern Palmyra, is one of the most beautiful cities in Europe and the world. The elegant architecture of the city was created by Rastrelli, Trezzini, Voronikhin, Rossi, Kvassov, Quarenghi, Montferrand and other great masters. The combination of architecture from different eras and styles gives St. Petersburg a unique charm.
The city has many attractions that will be of interest to the most discerning tourists.
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The Peter and Paul Fortress, located on the Hare Island, is one of the main attractions of the city, which marked the beginning of its construction. The fortress was founded by Peter I in May 1703. In the same year, the Ioannovsky Bridge was built, connecting Zayachiy Island with Gorodovy (or Berezovy), on which the city was later built. From the time of Peter to the October Revolution, there was a prison for political prisoners in the Peter and Paul Fortress, which was called the "Russian Bastille". In the Trubetskoy bastion of the fortress, you can get acquainted with the history of prisoners, among whom there are many famous names. Also on the territory of the fortress was the Mint.
One of the largest museum complexes in the world, the Hermitage, is located in St. Petersburg. The museum, consisting of 7 buildings, is located on Palace Square, Millionnaya Square and the Neva embankment. 400 rooms provide visitors with the opportunity to get acquainted with more than three million exhibits - sculptures, paintings by famous sculptors and painters, ancient weapons, armor, Japanese and Chinese works of art, archaeological finds and many others. It will take several days to see all the exhibits.
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The State Russian Museum displays the world's most complete collection of fine art by Russian masters from the 10th to the 20th centuries. The collection includes over 400,000 items.
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St. Isaac's Cathedral, built in the name of St. Isaac of Dalmatia, was formerly the main cathedral of the Russian Empire. This is one of the largest Christian churches in the world, capable of accommodating 10 thousand people. Its construction took 40 years, the author of the project was Auguste Montferrand, and many outstanding artists participated in the design - Bryullov, Pimenov, Bruni, Vitali, Klodt. A pound of malachite, one and a half tons of lapis lazuli and 400 kilograms of pure gold were used to decorate the cathedral.
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One of the most interesting excursions in St. Petersburg is the water one. You can travel along the canals and rivers of the city by boat or boat. Such an excursion will allow you to see the city from a different angle, swim under the old bridges, admire the centuries-old stone masonry, see powerful metal structures up close, visit the most beautiful corners in one day. And at midnight you can admire how bridges are raised to open the passage to the sea for ships.
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From June 11 to July 2, St. Petersburg is the time of the famous White Nights, which have long become another symbol of this beautiful city. During white nights, natural light remains on the verge of twilight. At this time, the International Music Festival "White Nights" and the festival "Scarlet Sails" for graduates take place.
For more information about the region, see the Internet resources of the state authorities of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.
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